بناء تطبيق CRUD متكامل

# إنشاء الترحيلات
php artisan make:migration create_posts_table
php artisan make:migration create_categories_table
php artisan make:migration create_tags_table
php artisan make:migration create_post_tag_table

<?php
// database/migrations/xxxx_create_posts_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->foreignId('category_id')->nullable()->constrained()->nullOnDelete();
            $table->string('title');
            $table->string('slug')->unique();
            $table->text('excerpt')->nullable();
            $table->longText('content');
            $table->string('featured_image')->nullable();
            $table->enum('status', ['draft', 'published', 'archived'])->default('draft');
            $table->timestamp('published_at')->nullable();
            $table->integer('views')->default(0);
            $table->timestamps();

            // فهارس للأداء
            $table->index('status');
            $table->index('published_at');
            $table->index(['status', 'published_at']);
            $table->fullText(['title', 'content']);
        });
    }

    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('posts');
    }
};

<?php
// database/migrations/xxxx_create_categories_table.php
public function up()
{
    Schema::create('categories', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('name');
        $table->string('slug')->unique();
        $table->text('description')->nullable();
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

// database/migrations/xxxx_create_tags_table.php
public function up()
{
    Schema::create('tags', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('name');
        $table->string('slug')->unique();
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

// database/migrations/xxxx_create_post_tag_table.php
public function up()
{
    Schema::create('post_tag', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->foreignId('post_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->foreignId('tag_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->primary(['post_id', 'tag_id']);
    });
}

# تشغيل الترحيلات
php artisan migrate

# إنشاء النماذج
php artisan make:model Post
php artisan make:model Category
php artisan make:model Tag

<?php
// app/Models/Post.php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

class Post extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $fillable = [
        'user_id', 'category_id', 'title', 'slug', 'excerpt',
        'content', 'featured_image', 'status', 'published_at', 'views'
    ];

    protected $casts = [
        'published_at' => 'datetime',
        'views' => 'integer',
    ];

    // العلاقات
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }

    public function category()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Category::class);
    }

    public function tags()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Tag::class);
    }

    // النطاقات
    public function scopePublished($query)
    {
        return $query->where('status', 'published')
            ->where('published_at', '<=', now());
    }

    public function scopeSearch($query, $search)
    {
        return $query->where(function($q) use ($search) {
            $q->where('title', 'like', "%{$search}%")
              ->orWhere('content', 'like', "%{$search}%")
              ->orWhereHas('tags', function($tagQuery) use ($search) {
                  $tagQuery->where('name', 'like', "%{$search}%");
              });
        });
    }

    public function scopeByCategory($query, $categoryId)
    {
        return $query->where('category_id', $categoryId);
    }

    // المستخرجات والمحولات
    public function getExcerptAttribute($value)
    {
        return $value ?: Str::limit(strip_tags($this->content), 150);
    }

    public function setTitleAttribute($value)
    {
        $this->attributes['title'] = $value;
        $this->attributes['slug'] = Str::slug($value);
    }

    // دوال مساعدة
    public function isPublished()
    {
        return $this->status === 'published' && $this->published_at <= now();
    }

    public function incrementViews()
    {
        $this->increment('views');
    }
}

<?php
// app/Models/Category.php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Category extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'slug', 'description'];

    public function posts()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
    }
}

// app/Models/Tag.php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Tag extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'slug'];

    public function posts()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Post::class);
    }
}

# إنشاء فئات طلب النموذج
php artisan make:request StorePostRequest
php artisan make:request UpdatePostRequest

<?php
// app/Http/Requests/StorePostRequest.php
namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class StorePostRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true; // التعامل مع السياسة
    }

    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'title' => 'required|string|max:255|unique:posts,title',
            'category_id' => 'required|exists:categories,id',
            'excerpt' => 'nullable|string|max:500',
            'content' => 'required|string|min:100',
            'featured_image' => 'nullable|image|mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,webp|max:2048',
            'tags' => 'nullable|array',
            'tags.*' => 'exists:tags,id',
            'status' => 'required|in:draft,published,archived',
            'published_at' => 'nullable|date|after_or_equal:today',
        ];
    }

    public function messages()
    {
        return [
            'title.required' => 'الرجاء إدخال عنوان للمنشور',
            'title.unique' => 'منشور بهذا العنوان موجود بالفعل',
            'content.min' => 'يجب أن يكون محتوى المنشور 100 حرف على الأقل',
            'featured_image.max' => 'يجب ألا يتجاوز حجم الصورة 2 ميجابايت',
            'category_id.exists' => 'الرجاء اختيار فئة صالحة',
        ];
    }
}

// app/Http/Requests/UpdatePostRequest.php
namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;

class UpdatePostRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true;
    }

    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'title' => [
                'required',
                'string',
                'max:255',
                Rule::unique('posts')->ignore($this->post->id)
            ],
            'category_id' => 'required|exists:categories,id',
            'excerpt' => 'nullable|string|max:500',
            'content' => 'required|string|min:100',
            'featured_image' => 'nullable|image|mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,webp|max:2048',
            'tags' => 'nullable|array',
            'tags.*' => 'exists:tags,id',
            'status' => 'required|in:draft,published,archived',
            'published_at' => 'nullable|date',
        ];
    }
}

# إنشاء وحدة التحكم
php artisan make:controller PostController --resource

# إنشاء السياسة
php artisan make:policy PostPolicy --model=Post

<?php
// routes/web.php
use App\Http\Controllers\PostController;

Route::resource('posts', PostController::class);

// مسارات مخصصة إضافية إذا لزم الأمر
Route::get('/posts/category/{category:slug}', [PostController::class, 'byCategory'])
    ->name('posts.by-category');

Route::get('/posts/tag/{tag:slug}', [PostController::class, 'byTag'])
    ->name('posts.by-tag');